Native C++

LPSTR - this stands for "Long Pointer to String" and is a Windows API data type (not C or C++ specific)

C++ - incudes the bool data type

cdecl - 16 bit programs
stdcall - 32 bit programs (when not using a def file)

C++ Libraries

STL - Standard Template Library
Provides essential data structures and algorithms like vectors, lists, maps, and sorting. This comes bundled with C++ itself
Boost -
A large collection of peer-reviewed libraries that extend STL. - Includes utilities for strings, math, threading, file handling
Qt -
A powerful cross-platform framework for GUI development. - Used to build applications with windows, buttons, menus. Also includes modules for networking, databases, and multimedia.

C++ Library Headers

iostream - library header

std::cin >> x; 
std::cout << "Hello " << x; 
std::cerr << "Error!"; 
std::clog << "Log message"; 
std::endl 

cmath - library header

std::abs() 
std::sqrt(); 
std::pow(x,y); 

fstream - library header

std::ifstream 
std::ofstream 
std::fstream 

C++ Code

#include <iostream> 
using namespace std; 
int main() { 
    int x; 
    cout << "Enter a number: "; 
    cin >> x; 
    cout << "You entered: " << x << endl; 
    return 0; 
} 

Project Properties > C/C++ > General > Debug information format (/Zi)
Project Properties > Linker > Debugging > Generate program database file (/DEBUG)
Project Properties > Linker > Debugging > Generate debug info
Debug > Attach to Process