3D Solid Shapes

1) Can you give some examples of 3D Shapes ?
Sphere - A perfectly round 3D shape, like a ball. All points on the surface are the same distance from the centre.
(1 face, 0 edges, 0 vertices)
Cone - Has a circular base and tapers up to a single point called the Apex.
(2 faces, 1 edge, 1 vertex)
Cylinder - Has a circular or oval cross-section. Has three faces.
(3 faces, 2 edges, 0 vertices)
Triangular Prism - Has five faces, two triangular bases and three rectangular faces.
Square Prism - (Cube) - Has six faces that are all squares.
(6 faces, 12 edges, 8 vertices)
Rectangular Prism - (Cuboid) - Has six faces that are all rectangles and the opposite faces are equal.
(6 faces, 12 edges, 8 vertices)
Hexagonal Prism - Has eight faces, two hexagons and six rectangles.
(8 faces, 8 edges, 12 vertices)
Triangular Based Pyramid - (Tetrahedron) Has four faces that are all triangles.
(4 faces, 6 edges, 4 vertices)
Square Based Pyramid - Has five faces, one square and four triangles.
(5 faces, 8 edges, 5 vertices)
Hexagonal Pyramid - Has seven faces, one hexagon and six triangles.
(7 faces, 12 edges, 7 vertices)

2) What Properties do 3D shapes have ?
Faces - (flat bits) a 2D shape that makes up one surface of a 3D shape
Edges - (straight lines / sides) where two faces meet
Vertices - (vertex, corners) where two or more edges meet

3) What shape has 6 rectangular faces. Not all the sides are identical ?
Rectangular Prism.

4) What is a Cuboid ?
A rectangular prism that has 6 faces.
A cuboid could have 2 square faces and 4 identical rectangular faces.
A cuboid could have 3 sets of different size rectangular faces.

5) What is a Sphere ?
A perfectly round 3D shape, like a ball. All points on the surface are the same distance from the centre.

6) Can you name a 3D shape that only has one curved face ?
Sphere.

7) How many vertices does a sphere have ?
None

8) How many faces does a cylinder have ?
Three. A cylinder has two flat faces (circles) and one curved face (rectangle)

9) Is a Cylinder a prism ?
No. Because all prisms must have flat faces and a cylinder has one curved face.

10) Is a Cone a prism ?
No. Because both ends are not the same.

11) What is a Pyramid ?
It has a polygon base and flat (triangular) sides that join at a common point called the apex.
When the base is a regular polygon it is called a regular pyramid.

12) What is the top of a Pyramid called ?
Apex - the top or highest part of something.

13) What is a Prism ?
A prism has a constant cross section.
Both ends of the 3D shape are the same.
The two end faces must be joined together using rectangles or squares.

14) What is the difference between a Cone and a Pyramid ?
The shape at the bottom of a cone is a circle.
The shape at the bottom of a pyramid is a polygon.

15) What is a Polyhedron ?
Any 3D shape that has polygon faces.
No curved surfaces (cones, spheres and cylinders are not polyhedrons).

16) What is a Tetrahedron ?
A triangular based pyramid with equal sides is called a tetrahedron.
This is a polyhedron with four triangular sides.

17) What is a Octahedron ?
This is a polyhedron with 8 faces. Can you draw one.

18) What is a Icosahedron ?
This is a polyhedron with 20 faces. A dice with 20 sides.

19) What is a Net ?
A net is a hollow 3D shape folded out flat.
A net is what you would draw, cut out and fold, to make a 3D shape.

20) How many different cube nets are there ?
11 (eleven)

21) What is Surface Area of a 3D shape ?
The surface area of a 3D shape is the total area of all its faces.
To calculate the surface area you can find the area of its net.

22) Can you calculate the surface area of a Cylinder ?
(2 x PI x Radius x height) + (2 x PI x r2)

23) What is the Volume of a 3D shape ?
Volume is the amount of space a 3D shape takes up.

24) Can you calculate the Volume of a Cuboid ?
V = length x height x width

25) Can you calculate the Volume of a Cube ?
V = length x length x length
V = length(cubed)

26) Can you calculate the Volume of a Prism ?
V = (area of base) x length

27) Can you calculate the Volume of a Cylinder ?
V = pi x radius(squared) x length
V = area of circle x length

28) Can you calculate the Volume of a Pyramid ?
V = 1/3 x (area of base) x length
V = 1/3 x Area of Prism

29) Can you calculate the Volume of a Cone ?
V = 1/3 x (area of base) x length

30) Can you calculate the Volume of a Sphere ?
V = 4/3 x pi x radius(squared)
V = 4/3 x area of circle

There are three dimensions
Length, Height and Width

Faces
Edges
Vertices

Vertex - Is a point at which 2 or more edges meet (also called corner)
Vertices

Polyhedron
A 3D shape whose faces are all polygons

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